{"id":132,"date":"2023-11-04T23:34:27","date_gmt":"2023-11-04T22:34:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/web.umons.ac.be\/sepsoms\/?p=132"},"modified":"2023-11-04T23:34:27","modified_gmt":"2023-11-04T22:34:27","slug":"la-structure-etatique-de-la-federation-de-russie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/web.umons.ac.be\/sepsoms\/fr\/2023\/11\/04\/la-structure-etatique-de-la-federation-de-russie\/","title":{"rendered":"La structure \u00e9tatique de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">La structure \u00e9tatique<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:2,&quot;335551620&quot;:2,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:2,&quot;335551620&quot;:2,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Vous avez toujours voulu en savoir plus sur les diff\u00e9rents organes de pouvoir en F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie\u202f? Ce qui suit r\u00e9pondra certainement \u00e0 toutes vos questions\u202f!<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Cette traduction russe \u2192 fran\u00e7ais vous est offerte par les \u00e9tudiants de deuxi\u00e8me Bachelier de la Facult\u00e9 de Traduction et d\u2019Interpr\u00e9tation \u2013 Ecole d\u2019Interpr\u00e8tes Internationaux de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Mons, sous la direction de A.Deliz\u00e9e.<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Sources des documents originaux en russe\u202f:<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u0424\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044c; \u0422\u043e\u043b\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044c \u041e\u0436\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430; \u0424\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0444\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044c; \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430. \u0422\u043e\u043b\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044c; \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u044d\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f, \u0412\u0438\u043a\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f<\/span><\/i><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:120,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">L\u2019\u00c9tat<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:360,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Traducteurs\u202f: Algrain Martin, Jade Bohy, Nicola Bourton, Louise Costorella<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Il s\u2019agit de l\u2019organisation politique principale de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9, charg\u00e9e de la gestion de cette derni\u00e8re, ainsi que de la protection de sa structure \u00e9conomique et sociale.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">On distingue deux cat\u00e9gories juridiques : l&rsquo;\u00c9tat f\u00e9d\u00e9ral et l\u2019\u00c9tat unique. Entre ces deux formes se trouve la notion d&rsquo;\u00c9tat conf\u00e9d\u00e9r\u00e9.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">La f\u00e9d\u00e9ration est une forme de structure \u00e9tatique dans laquelle l&rsquo;\u00c9tat est form\u00e9 d&rsquo;unit\u00e9s f\u00e9d\u00e9r\u00e9es (par exemple les Lands, les R\u00e9publiques). Un \u00c9tat f\u00e9d\u00e9ral poss\u00e8de une seule constitution, des organes de pouvoir f\u00e9d\u00e9raux, une seule citoyennet\u00e9, une m\u00eame devise, etc. Les membres de la f\u00e9d\u00e9ration ont g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement leur propre constitution ainsi que leurs organes l\u00e9gislatifs, ex\u00e9cutifs et judiciaires.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Outre les r\u00e9publiques f\u00e9d\u00e9r\u00e9es, les entit\u00e9s constitutives de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie sont les kra\u00efs (= territoires), les oblasts (= r\u00e9gions), les villes d&rsquo;importance f\u00e9d\u00e9rale (Moscou, Saint-P\u00e9tersbourg et S\u00e9bastopol). On y retrouve \u00e9galement des r\u00e9gions autonomes et des districts autonomes [voir article d\u00e9taill\u00e9\u202f: Les Sujets de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie].<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Le chef d\u2019\u00c9tat<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:360,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Traducteurs\u202f:<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0 <\/span><\/b><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Kelly Bultot<\/span><\/i><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Il incarne la communaut\u00e9 politique et l\u2019int\u00e9grit\u00e9 de l\u2019\u00c9tat. De plus, il a le devoir de repr\u00e9senter l\u2019\u00c9tat lors des c\u00e9r\u00e9monies dans son pays ainsi qu\u2019\u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tranger.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Le chef de l\u2019Etat russe est appel\u00e9 \u00ab\u202fpr\u00e9sident de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie\u202f\u00bb.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">De 1991 \u00e0 1993, le poste de vice-pr\u00e9sident existait, mais il a \u00e9t\u00e9 supprim\u00e9 par d\u00e9cret pr\u00e9sidentiel. La constitution de 1993 ne mentionne plus le poste de vice-pr\u00e9sident.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A l\u2019origine, en 1991, le pr\u00e9sident \u00e9tait \u00e9lu pour 5 ans. Dans la constitution de 1993, le mandat du pr\u00e9sident a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9duit \u00e0 4 ans. Sur la base des amendements entr\u00e9s en vigueur le 31 d\u00e9cembre 2008, il est \u00e9lu pour un mandat de six ans \u00e0 partir des \u00e9lections de 2012.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">L\u2019Administration pr\u00e9sidentielle de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> est un organe d\u2019\u00c9tat qui garantit l\u2019activit\u00e9 du pr\u00e9sident et qui contr\u00f4le l\u2019ex\u00e9cution de ses instructions et d\u00e9cisions.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Le Conseil de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> est un organe constitutionnel consultatif aupr\u00e8s du pr\u00e9sident, qui pr\u00e9pare les d\u00e9cisions pr\u00e9sidentielles \u00e0 propos de la protection des int\u00e9r\u00eats vitaux de l\u2019individu, de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 et de l\u2019\u00c9tat contre les menaces int\u00e9rieures et ext\u00e9rieures. Cet organe planche \u00e9galement sur la mise en \u0153uvre d\u2019une politique nationale unifi\u00e9e pour assurer la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 du pays.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Le gouvernement<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:360,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Traducteurs\u202f: Natalia Kostiuk, Justine Henry<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">R\u00e9viseurs\u202f: Lauryn Haulin, Sandrine Dielens<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00ab\u00a0Un bulletin de vote est plus fort qu&rsquo;une balle de fusil\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:3,&quot;335551620&quot;:3,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Abraham Lincoln<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:3,&quot;335551620&quot;:3,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">LE GOUVERNEMENT<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> est l\u2019organe principal du pouvoir ex\u00e9cutif au sein de l\u2019\u00c9tat. Le gouvernement de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie est compos\u00e9 du Premier ministre (Chef du Gouvernement) de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie, des vice-premiers ministres et des ministres f\u00e9d\u00e9raux.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Le <\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Premier ministre<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> (Chef du Gouvernement)<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> assure la coordination de l\u2019action gouvernementale compos\u00e9 du groupe (le conseil) des ministres. <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Le ministre est un membre du gouvernement, chef de minist\u00e8re.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Pris dans leur ensemble, les organes gouvernementaux de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie forment un syst\u00e8me homog\u00e8ne unique. Selon la Constitution de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie (article 11), ce syst\u00e8me inclut les organes du pouvoir d&rsquo;\u00c9tat de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie et les organes du pouvoir d&rsquo;\u00c9tat de ses sujets.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">L&rsquo;unit\u00e9 du syst\u00e8me des organes de l&rsquo;\u00c9tat de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie est d\u00e9termin\u00e9e par le fait que ce syst\u00e8me est bas\u00e9 sur l&rsquo;int\u00e9grit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;\u00c9tat russe et sur l&rsquo;unit\u00e9 du syst\u00e8me de pouvoir de l&rsquo;\u00c9tat.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">L&rsquo;unit\u00e9 du syst\u00e8me se traduit par la diff\u00e9renciation des domaines de juridiction et des comp\u00e9tences entre les organes du pouvoir d&rsquo;\u00c9tat de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie et les organes du pouvoir d&rsquo;\u00c9tat de ses sujets.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Les organes du pouvoir d&rsquo;Etat de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">La s\u00e9paration des pouvoirs<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:360,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p aria-level=\"2\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Traducteurs<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u202f: <\/span><\/b><b><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Michel Martin, Raes Loriane, Reger Astrid et Righetti Julien<\/span><\/i><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Selon le principe fondamental de la s\u00e9paration des pouvoirs, le pouvoir politique doit \u00eatre divis\u00e9 en trois branches afin de pr\u00e9venir la tyrannie.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Le pouvoir ex\u00e9cutif<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u202f\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Il a pour fonction de g\u00e9rer les affaires de l\u2019Etat sur base des lois en vigueur. En Russie, le pouvoir ex\u00e9cutif est rempli par un gouvernement qui porte le nom de Gouvernement de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Le pouvoir judiciaire<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Il repr\u00e9sente l\u2019ensemble des organes de l\u2019Etat qui rendent justice ind\u00e9pendamment des pouvoirs l\u00e9gislatif et ex\u00e9cutif.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Le syst\u00e8me judiciaire de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie se compose d\u2019instances sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9es dont les jugements s\u2019appliquent sur tout le territoire. Parmi ceux-ci peuvent \u00eatre cit\u00e9s\u202f: la Cour Constitutionnelle, la Cour Supr\u00eame et la Cour d\u2019Arbitrage.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Le pouvoir l\u00e9gislatif<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Il est repr\u00e9sent\u00e9 par une assembl\u00e9e de d\u00e9put\u00e9s \u00e9lus et formellement \u00e9gaux entre eux et dont la fonction est de cr\u00e9er des lois.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">En Russie, les lois f\u00e9d\u00e9rales sont vot\u00e9es par la Douma, approuv\u00e9es par le Conseil de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration et sign\u00e9es par le Pr\u00e9sident. <\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Le pouvoir l\u00e9gislatif\u202f: un syst\u00e8me bicam\u00e9ral<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:360,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p aria-level=\"2\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Traducteurs<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u202f: <\/span><\/b><b><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Virginie Sallustio, Sol\u00e8ne Van Butsele, Luigi Vadal\u00e0\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:256}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">La s<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">tructure des parlements<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> bicam\u00e9raux est la suivante\u202f: ils sont compos\u00e9s de<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> deux chambres<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> qui ont <\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">chacune leur propre d\u00e9nomination et qui sont<\/span> <span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00e9lues selon diff\u00e9rentes normes de repr\u00e9sentation<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">. Elles poss\u00e8dent \u00e9galement des <\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">comp<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00e9tences diff\u00e9<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">rentes<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> et <\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">fonctionn<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">e<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">nt g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> s<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00e9par\u00e9ment.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">L\u2019Assembl\u00e9e f\u00e9d\u00e9rale<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">L\u2019Assembl\u00e9e f\u00e9d\u00e9rale de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie est l\u2019organe l\u00e9gislatif <\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">(le parlement) <\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie. L\u2019Assembl\u00e9e f\u00e9d\u00e9rale de La F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie se compose de deux chambres\u202f: la chambre haute<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">, <\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">le conseil de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration<\/span> <span data-contrast=\"none\">(nom complet<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u202f: Conseil de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e f\u00e9d\u00e9rale de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie) et la chambre basse<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">, <\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">la Douma d<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2019\u00c9tat<\/span> <span data-contrast=\"none\">(nom complet<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u202f<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">: Douma d<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2019\u00c9tat de l\u2019assembl\u00e9e f\u00e9d\u00e9rale de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">Le Conseil de la f\u00e9d\u00e9ration est compos\u00e9 de deux repr\u00e9sentants de chaque Sujet de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration\u202f<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">:<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> un repr\u00e9sentant de l&rsquo;organe ex\u00e9cutif et un repr\u00e9sentant de l&rsquo;organe l\u00e9gislatif du Sujet<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> de la f\u00e9d\u00e9ration<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">. <\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Dans la<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\"> F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie il y a 85 Sujets, donc 170 membres du Conseil de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration. <\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Notons qu\u2019u<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">ne m\u00eame personne ne peut pas \u00eatre simultan\u00e9ment membre du Conseil de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration et d\u00e9put\u00e9 \u00e0 <\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">la Douma d&rsquo;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00c9tat.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">La Douma d&rsquo;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00c9tat est compos\u00e9<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">e de 450 d<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00e9put\u00e9s. Tout citoyen de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie ayant atteint l&rsquo;\u00e2ge de 21 ans et ayant le droit de participer aux \u00e9lections peut \u00eatre \u00e9lu d\u00e9put\u00e9 \u00e0 <\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">la Douma d<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u2019<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00c9tat.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Les Sujets de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:360,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p aria-level=\"2\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">WADIN Alexia, WAUTIER Laura<\/span><\/b><b><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:256}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Chaque unit\u00e9 territoriale de niveau sup\u00e9rieur dans la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie a sa propre appellation.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Selon la Constitution de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie, la Russie est un \u00c9tat f\u00e9d\u00e9ral et se compose de sujets de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie \u00e9gaux en droit. Il y en a 85 actuellement : les r\u00e9publiques, les kra\u00efs (ou territoires), les oblasts (ou r\u00e9gions), les villes d&rsquo;importance f\u00e9d\u00e9rale, un oblast autonome (ou r\u00e9gion autonome), et les okrougs autonomes (ou districts autonomes).\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Chaque sujet de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration, en plus des organes f\u00e9d\u00e9raux, dispose de ses propres branches du pouvoir ex\u00e9cutif (g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement un gouverneur ou un chef), du pouvoir l\u00e9gislatif (parlements r\u00e9gionaux) et du pouvoir judiciaire (cour constitutionnelle (statutaire) du sujet).\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Les sujets de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration ont leur propre constitution et leur propre statut juridique, ainsi que leur propre l\u00e9gislation adopt\u00e9e par les parlements r\u00e9gionaux. Les sujets de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration ont chacun deux repr\u00e9sentants \u00e0 la chambre haute du parlement russe, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire au Conseil de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration. Les sujets de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration ont le pouvoir de r\u00e9soudre les questions qui rel\u00e8vent de leurs comp\u00e9tences selon la Constitution. Enfin, les sujets de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie n&rsquo;ont cependant pas le droit de se retirer de celle-ci.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Lexique russe-fran\u00e7ais des entit\u00e9s f\u00e9d\u00e9r\u00e9es\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<table data-tablestyle=\"MsoTableGrid\" data-tablelook=\"1184\" aria-rowcount=\"7\">\n<tbody>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"1\">\n<td data-celllook=\"0\">\n<p aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u0421\u0423\u0411\u042a\u0415\u041a\u0422 \u0420\u041e\u0421\u0421\u0418\u0419\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0419 \u0424\u0415\u0414\u0415\u0420\u0410\u0426\u0418\u0418<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559738&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:240,&quot;335559991&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"0\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">SUJETS DE LA FEDERATION DE RUSSIE<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"2\">\n<td data-celllook=\"0\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"0\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">R\u00e9publique<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"3\">\n<td data-celllook=\"0\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u041a\u0440\u0430\u0439<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"0\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Kra\u00ef ou territoire\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"4\">\n<td data-celllook=\"0\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u041e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"0\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Oblast ou r\u00e9gion<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"5\">\n<td data-celllook=\"0\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u0413\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434 \u0444\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"0\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Ville d\u2019importance f\u00e9d\u00e9rale<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"6\">\n<td data-celllook=\"0\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"0\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Oblast autonome ou r\u00e9gion autonome<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr aria-rowindex=\"7\">\n<td data-celllook=\"0\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td data-celllook=\"0\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Okroug autonome ou district autonome<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">La soci\u00e9t\u00e9, la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile et l\u2019Etat de droit<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:360,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p aria-level=\"2\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Traducteurs<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u202f: <\/span><\/b><b><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Roman LUKYANOV, Valentin LAMBERT.<\/span><\/i><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134245418&quot;:true,&quot;134245529&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:40,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:256}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">LA SOCI\u00c9T\u00c9<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:360,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">La soci\u00e9t\u00e9 est une structure sociale caract\u00e9ris\u00e9e par les rapports entre ses individus. Un exemple de celle-ci est la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 industrielle, bas\u00e9e sur l\u2019utilisation des proc\u00e9d\u00e9s de production.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:120,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:120,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">LA SOCI\u00c9T\u00c9 CIVILE<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:120,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">La soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile est un concept qui d\u00e9signe un ensemble de relations socio-\u00e9conomiques et culturelles. Ces relations se d\u00e9veloppent ind\u00e9pendamment des pouvoirs publics et de mani\u00e8re relativement autonome. Par cons\u00e9quent, l\u2019\u00c9tat n\u2019a pas le droit d\u2019ing\u00e9rence dans les affaires des citoyens, des associations et des organisations b\u00e9n\u00e9voles.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:120,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">L\u2019\u00c9TAT DE DROIT<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:0,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Toute activit\u00e9 d\u2019un \u00c9tat de droit est soumise aux normes du droit, ainsi qu\u2019aux principes juridiques fondamentaux, visant \u00e0 prot\u00e9ger la dignit\u00e9, la libert\u00e9 et les droits de l\u2019Homme.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:120,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">L\u2019\u00c9tat de droit<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> renvoie \u00e0 la notion de<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> primaut\u00e9 du droit<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, qui est une doctrine qui stipule que tous sont \u00e9gaux devant la loi et nul ne peut s\u2019y soustraire. Un individu ne peut \u00eatre sanctionn\u00e9 que selon les proc\u00e9dures \u00e9tablies par la loi et seulement pour l\u2019avoir viol\u00e9e.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:120,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La structure \u00e9tatique\u00a0 de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie\u00a0 Vous avez toujours voulu en savoir plus sur les diff\u00e9rents organes de pouvoir en F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie\u202f? Ce qui suit r\u00e9pondra certainement \u00e0 toutes vos questions\u202f!\u00a0 Cette traduction russe \u2192 fran\u00e7ais vous est offerte par les \u00e9tudiants de deuxi\u00e8me Bachelier de la Facult\u00e9 de Traduction et d\u2019Interpr\u00e9tation [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":218,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[146],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-132","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aspects-socio-politiques-de-lespace-post-sovietique"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>La structure \u00e9tatique de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie - Service \/ FTI-EII - \u00c9tude de l\u2019espace post-sovi\u00e9tique et des mondes slaves<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/web.umons.ac.be\/sepsoms\/fr\/2023\/11\/04\/la-structure-etatique-de-la-federation-de-russie\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La structure \u00e9tatique de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie - Service \/ FTI-EII - \u00c9tude de l\u2019espace post-sovi\u00e9tique et des mondes slaves\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La structure \u00e9tatique\u00a0 de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie\u00a0 Vous avez toujours voulu en savoir plus sur les diff\u00e9rents organes de pouvoir en F\u00e9d\u00e9ration de Russie\u202f? 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